עָבַר ʻâbar — to cross over
Translated in the KJV as alienate, alter, × at all, beyond, bring (over, through), carry over, come (on, over), conduct, convey over, current.
a primitive root; to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation).
ʻâbar in each stem
Qal (Pa'al)
Participle (active) 101Perfect (qatal) 93Imperfect (yiqtol) 90Wayyiqtol 73Infinitive construct 50Imperative 27Sequential perfect (weqatal) 18Cohortative 12Jussive 4Infinitive absolute 1
And Abram passed through the land unto the place of Sichem, unto the plain of Moreh. And the Canaanite was then in the land.
And it came to pass, that, when the sun went down, and it was dark, behold a smoking furnace, and a burning lamp that passed between those pieces.
And said, My Lord, if now I have found favour in thy sight, pass not away, I pray thee, from thy servant:
Hiph'il
Wayyiqtol 23Perfect (qatal) 14Infinitive construct 13Imperfect (yiqtol) 11Sequential perfect (weqatal) 10Imperative 6Participle (active) 3Jussive 1Infinitive absolute 1
And God remembered Noah, and every living thing, and all the cattle that was with him in the ark: and God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters asswaged;
And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day.
And as for the people, he removed them to cities from one end of the borders of Egypt even to the other end thereof.
Hitpa'el
Wayyiqtol 3Participle (active) 3Perfect (qatal) 2
But the Lord was wroth with me for your sakes, and would not hear me: and the Lord said unto me, Let it suffice thee; speak no more unto me of this matter.
Therefore the Lord heard this, and was wroth: so a fire was kindled against Jacob, and anger also came up against Israel;
When God heard this, he was wroth, and greatly abhorred Israel:
Pi'el
Wayyiqtol 1Perfect (qatal) 1
So Solomon overlaid the house within with pure gold: and he made a partition by the chains of gold before the oracle; and he overlaid it with gold.
Their bull gendereth, and faileth not; their cow calveth, and casteth not her calf.
Niph'al
Imperfect (yiqtol) 1
Afterward he measured a thousand; and it was a river that I could not pass over: for the waters were risen, waters to swim in, a river that could not be passed over.
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›