The Names of God in the Hebrew Scriptures
Occurrence counts are scholarly approximations (~). Hebrew for NT-only names follows the Modern Hebrew New Testament rendering, marked heModern.
The Name
- יְהוָהYHVH — the LORDThe four-letter covenant Name, tied by God Himself to the verb 'to be…
- אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶהEhyeh Asher Ehyeh — I AM WHO I AM'I AM WHO I AM' — or 'I will be who I will be' — God naming Himself t…
- יָהּYahThe short poetic form of the Name — the Yah in Hallelu-Yah, 'praise Y…
El — God, Mighty One
- אֵלElGod, Mighty One — the oldest Semitic word for deity, claimed and fill…
- אֱלֹהִיםElohimGod — grammatically plural, used with singular verbs for the one Crea…
- אֱלוֹהַּEloahThe singular poetic form of Elohim — the dominant divine name of the …
- אֱלָהּElah — God (Aramaic)God in the Aramaic of Daniel and Ezra — including Elah Shemaya, the G…
- אֵל שַׁדַּיEl Shaddai — God AlmightyGod Almighty, the All-Sufficient — the covenant name of the patriarch…
- אֵל עֶלְיוֹןEl Elyon — God Most HighGod Most High, Possessor of heaven and earth — first spoken by Melchi…
- אֵל עוֹלָםEl Olam — Everlasting GodThe Everlasting God — the God of unbounded time, named by Abraham at …
- אֵל רֳאִיEl Roi — The God Who Sees MeThe God Who Sees Me — the only divine name in Scripture given by a wo…
- אֵל קַנָּאEl Kanna — Jealous GodJealous God — 'YHVH, whose name is Jealous' — the burning exclusivity…
- אֵל חַיEl Chai — The Living GodThe Living God — set against every lifeless idol.
- אֵל גִּבּוֹרEl Gibbor — Mighty GodMighty God, God the Warrior — one of the four throne-names of the chi…
- אֵל אֱמוּנָהEl Emunah — God of FaithfulnessThe God of Faithfulness, without injustice — from the Song of Moses.
- אֵל דֵּעוֹתEl De'ot — God of KnowledgeThe God of all knowledge, who weighs actions — from Hannah's prayer.
- אֵל הַכָּבוֹדEl HaKavod — God of GloryThe God of Glory, whose voice thunders over the waters.
- אֵל נְקָמוֹתEl Nekamot — God of VengeanceGod of just requital — the appeal of the oppressed to the Judge who r…
- אֵל יְשׁוּעָתִיEl Yeshuati — God of My SalvationThe God of my salvation — 'I will trust and not be afraid.'
- אֵל סַלְעִיEl Sali — God My RockGod my crag, my cliff-rock — the personal claim on unshakeable ground.
- אֵל מִסְתַּתֵּרEl Mistater — The God Who Hides HimselfThe God who conceals Himself — named in the middle of Isaiah's greate…
- אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיַעֲקֹבGod of Abraham, Isaac & JacobThe generational covenant name — God identified by the people He keep…
- אֱלֹהִים צְבָאוֹתElohim Tzva'ot — God of HostsGod of the armies of heaven — the stars, the angels, and Israel's ran…
YHVH Compound Names
- יְהוָה אֱלֹהִיםYHVH Elohim — LORD GodThe joined name of Eden — covenant Name and Creator name together.
- יְהוָה יִרְאֶהYHVH Yireh — The LORD Will Provide'YHVH will see (to it)' — Abraham's name for Mount Moriah after the r…
- יְהוָה רֹפְאֶךָYHVH Rophe'echa — The LORD Your Healer'I am YHVH who heals you' — revealed at Marah, where bitter water tur…
- יְהוָה נִסִּיYHVH Nissi — The LORD My Banner'YHVH is my banner' — Moses' altar after the victory over Amalek, won…
- יְהוָה מְקַדִּשְׁכֶםYHVH Mekaddishchem — The LORD Who Sanctifies You'YHVH who makes you holy' — given with the Sabbath as the sign betwee…
- יְהוָה שָׁלוֹםYHVH Shalom — The LORD Is Peace'YHVH is peace' — Gideon's altar, built by a frightened man who had j…
- יְהוָה צְבָאוֹתYHVH Tzva'ot — The LORD of HostsYHVH of the armies — of heaven's hosts, the stars in their courses, a…
- יְהוָה רֹעִיYHVH Ro'i — The LORD My Shepherd'YHVH is my shepherd; I shall not want' — the most beloved sentence i…
- יְהוָה צִדְקֵנוּYHVH Tzidkenu — The LORD Our Righteousness'YHVH our righteousness' — the name of the coming Davidic Branch, and…
- יְהוָה שָׁמָּהYHVH Shammah — The LORD Is There'YHVH is there' — the final words of Ezekiel: the name of the city wh…
- יְהוָה עֶלְיוֹןYHVH Elyon — The LORD Most HighThe covenant Name crowned with Melchizedek's title: YHVH, the Most Hi…
- יְהוָה אִישׁ מִלְחָמָהYHVH Ish Milchamah — The LORD Is a Man of War'YHVH is a man of war; YHVH is His name' — sung on the far shore of t…
- יְהוָה עֹשֵׂנוּYHVH O'seinu — The LORD Our Maker'Come, let us worship and bow down; let us kneel before YHVH our Make…
Adonai & Reverent Address
- אֲדֹנָיAdonai — LordLord, Master — the emphatic plural of adon; both a divine name in its…
- הַשֵּׁםHaShem — The Name (post-biblical)'The Name' — Jewish tradition's everyday reverent substitute for יהוה…
Titles & Metaphors (Tanakh)
- אָבִינוּAvinu — Our FatherOur Father — Israel's family claim on God, long before the Lord's Pra…
- גֹּאֵלGo'el — RedeemerThe Kinsman-Redeemer — the family member with the right and duty to b…
- קְדוֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵלKedosh Yisrael — The Holy One of IsraelThe Holy One of Israel — Isaiah's signature title, born in his throne…
- עַתִּיק יוֹמִיןAtik Yomin — Ancient of DaysThe Ancient of Days — Daniel's Aramaic throne-vision title: white gar…
- מֶלֶךְ הַכָּבוֹדMelech HaKavod — King of GloryThe King of Glory — the name the gates of Psalm 24 are commanded to a…
- צוּרTzur — The RockThe Rock — Scripture's bedrock metaphor: perfect in work, just in all…
- מָגֵןMagen — ShieldShield — God's first 'I am' to Abram: 'Do not fear; I am your shield.'
- מַחְסֶה וּמְצוּדָהMachseh & Metzudah — Refuge & FortressRefuge, fortress, stronghold, high tower — the Psalms' vocabulary of …
- קֶרֶן יִשְׁעִיKeren Yishi — Horn of My SalvationThe horn of my salvation — strength personified, the raised horn of t…
- אֵשׁ אֹכְלָהEsh Ochlah — Consuming FireA consuming fire — the danger side of holiness: 'For YHVH your God is…
- פַּחַד יִצְחָקPachad Yitzchak — The Dread of IsaacThe Fear/Dread of Isaac — one of the oldest and strangest divine titl…
- שֹׁפֵט כָּל הָאָרֶץShofet Kol HaAretz — Judge of All the EarthThe Judge of all the earth — named by Abraham while arguing with God …
- בּוֹרֵאBoreh — CreatorThe Creator — the participle of bara, the verb reserved in Scripture …
- פֶּלֶא יוֹעֵץ אֲבִיעַד שַׂר־שָׁלוֹםPele Yoetz, Avi Ad, Sar Shalom — the Throne-Names of Isaiah 9:6Wonderful Counselor, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace — three of t…
God the Father (NT)
- אֱלֹהִיםTheos — GodGod — the Greek Scriptures' rendering of Elohim, carrying the whole T…
- אֲדֹנָי / יהוהKyrios — LordLord — the LXX's rendering of BOTH YHVH and Adonai; when the NT quote…
- אַבָּא / אָבִינוּPater / Abba — FatherFather — Yeshua's characteristic address to God, with the intimate Ar…
- שַׁדַּי / צְבָאוֹתPantokrator — The AlmightyThe All-Ruler, the Almighty — the LXX's rendering of Shaddai and Tzva…
- עֶלְיוֹןHypsistos — The Most HighThe Most High — El Elyon in Greek dress, clustered around the nativit…
- אָדוֹןDespotes — Sovereign MasterAbsolute Master, Sovereign Lord — the strongest Greek word for owners…
- אֲבִי הַמְּאוֹרוֹת (modern Heb NT)Father of LightsThe Father of the heavenly lights, with whom is no variation or shado…
- הַהֹוֶה וְהָיָה וְיָבוֹא (modern Heb NT)The One Who Is, Was, and Is to ComeRevelation's unfolding of Ehyeh — the I AM stretched across past, pre…
Yeshua the Messiah
- יֵשׁוּעַYeshua (Jesus)'YHVH saves' — the name commanded from heaven: 'you shall call His na…
- עִמָּנוּ אֵלImmanuel'With us — God' — Isaiah's sign-name, fulfilled at Bethlehem.
- מָשִׁיחַMashiach / Christos — Messiah, the AnointedThe Anointed One — the title of kings and priests poured with oil, co…
- בֶּן־הָאֱלֹהִיםSon of GodThe Son of God — sonship as shared nature, mission, and love.
- בֶּן־אָדָם / בַּר אֱנָשׁSon of ManThe Son of Man — Yeshua's own favorite self-title, drawn from Daniel'…
- הַדָּבָרThe Word — Logos / DavarThe Word who was in the beginning with God, was God, and became flesh.
- שֵׂה הָאֱלֹהִיםLamb of God'Behold, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world' — Passo…
- אֲנִי הוּאI AM — the Ego Eimi Declarations'Before Abraham was, I AM' — Yeshua's seven pictured I AMs and the ab…
- מֶלֶךְ הַמְּלָכִים וַאֲדֹנֵי הָאֲדֹנִיםKing of Kings and Lord of LordsThe title written on the robe and thigh of the rider on the white hor…
- אַרְיֵה מִשֵּׁבֶט יְהוּדָהLion of Judah, Root of David, Morning StarRevelation's Davidic cluster: the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Roo…
- מוֹשִׁיעַSavior — Moshia / SoterSavior, Deliverer — the Tanakh's title for YHVH ('besides Me there is…
- כֹּהֵן גָּדוֹלHigh Priest after the Order of MelchizedekThe great High Priest — not of Aaron's line but of Melchizedek's deat…
- אֶבֶן רֹאשׁ פִּנָּהThe Cornerstone — Even Rosh PinnahThe stone the builders rejected, become the head of the corner — with…
- מֵלִיץ / סַנֵּגוֹרAdvocate & MediatorThe Advocate with the Father and the one Mediator between God and men…
The Spirit
- רוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁRuach HaKodesh — The Holy SpiritThe Spirit of Holiness — breath, wind, and Spirit in one Hebrew word,…
- הַמְנַחֵם (modern Heb NT)Parakletos — Comforter, Helper, AdvocateThe One Called Alongside — Comforter, Helper, Counselor, Advocate: no…
- רוּחַ הָאֱמֶתSpirit of TruthThe Spirit of Truth who guides into all truth.
- רוּחַ יְהוָה … חָכְמָה וּבִינָהThe Sevenfold Spirit of Isaiah 11The Spirit resting on the Branch of Jesse: the Spirit of YHVH — of wi…