עָוָה ʻâvâh — to crook, literally or figuratively
Translated in the KJV as do amiss, bow down, make crooked, commit iniquity, pervert, perverse, trouble, × turn, do wickedly, do wrong.
a primitive root; to crook, literally or figuratively.
ʻâvâh in each stem
Hiph'il
Perfect (qatal) 7Infinitive construct 1Infinitive absolute 1
I will be his father, and he shall be my son. If he commit iniquity, I will chasten him with the rod of men, and with the stripes of the children of men:
For thy servant doth know that I have sinned: therefore, behold, I am come the first this day of all the house of Joseph to go down to meet my lord the king.
And David spake unto the Lord when he saw the angel that smote the people, and said, Lo, I have sinned, and I have done wickedly: but these sheep, what have they done? let thine hand, I pray thee, be against me, and against my father’s house.
Niph'al
Participle (active) 2Perfect (qatal) 2
Then Saul’s anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother’s nakedness?
For my loins are filled with a loathsome disease: and there is no soundness in my flesh.
A man shall be commended according to his wisdom: but he that is of a perverse heart shall be despised.
Qal (Pa'al)
Perfect (qatal) 2
And Memucan answered before the king and the princes, Vashti the queen hath not done wrong to the king only, but also to all the princes, and to all the people that are in all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus.
We have sinned, and have committed iniquity, and have done wickedly, and have rebelled, even by departing from thy precepts and from thy judgments:
Pi'el
Sequential perfect (weqatal) 1Perfect (qatal) 1
Behold, the Lord maketh the earth empty, and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof.
He hath inclosed my ways with hewn stone, he hath made my paths crooked.
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›