סָבַב çâbab — to revolve, surround, or border
Translated in the KJV as bring, cast, fetch, lead, make, walk, × whirl, × round about, be about on every side, apply, avoid, beset.
a primitive root; to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively.
çâbab in each stem
Qal (Pa'al)
Wayyiqtol 23Perfect (qatal) 23Imperfect (yiqtol) 20Participle (active) 12Imperative 9Infinitive construct 2Sequential perfect (weqatal) 2
The name of the first is Pison: that is it which compasseth the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold;
And the name of the second river is Gihon: the same is it that compasseth the whole land of Ethiopia.
For, behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and, lo, my sheaf arose, and also stood upright; and, behold, your sheaves stood round about, and made obeisance to my sheaf.
Hiph'il
Wayyiqtol 16Perfect (qatal) 7Imperative 3Infinitive construct 2Cohortative 1Imperfect (yiqtol) 1Participle (active) 1Sequential perfect (weqatal) 1
But God led the people about, through the way of the wilderness of the Red sea: and the children of Israel went up harnessed out of the land of Egypt.
So the ark of the Lord compassed the city, going about it once: and they came into the camp, and lodged in the camp.
And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?
Niph'al
Perfect (qatal) 7Sequential perfect (weqatal) 7Imperfect (yiqtol) 6
But before they lay down, the men of the city, even the men of Sodom, compassed the house round, both old and young, all the people from every quarter:
And your border shall turn from the south to the ascent of Akrabbim, and pass on to Zin: and the going forth thereof shall be from the south to Kadesh–barnea, and shall go on to Hazar–addar, and pass on to Azmon:
And the border shall fetch a compass from Azmon unto the river of Egypt, and the goings out of it shall be at the sea.
Po'el
Imperfect (yiqtol) 9Cohortative 2Jussive 1
He found him in a desert land, and in the waste howling wilderness; he led him about, he instructed him, he kept him as the apple of his eye.
The Lord shall judge the people: judge me, O Lord, according to my righteousness, and according to mine integrity that is in me.
I will wash mine hands in innocency: so will I compass thine altar, O Lord:
Hoph'al
Participle (passive) 1Imperfect (yiqtol) 1
And Nebo, and Baal–meon, (their names being changed,) and Shibmah: and gave other names unto the cities which they builded.
For the fitches are not threshed with a threshing instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the fitches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.
Pi'el
Infinitive construct 1
To fetch about this form of speech hath thy servant Joab done this thing: and my lord is wise, according to the wisdom of an angel of God, to know all things that are in the earth.
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›