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סָבַל çâbal — to carry (literally or figuratively), or (reflexively) be burdensome

pronounced saw-bal' · Strong's H5445 · 9 occurrences in the Hebrew Bible · 3 stems: Qal (Pa'al), Pu'al, Hitpa'el

Translated in the KJV as bear, be a burden, carry, strong to labour.

a primitive root; to carry (literally or figuratively), or (reflexively) be burdensome; specifically, to be gravid.

çâbal in each stem

Qal (Pa'al)

Simple · active — the plain action; the subject does it

Imperfect (yiqtol) 4Perfect (qatal) 2Infinitive construct 1

לִסְבֹּ֔ל Gen 49:15 Infinitive construct

And he saw that rest was good, and the land that it was pleasant; and bowed his shoulder to bear, and became a servant unto tribute. (KJV)

אֶסְבֹּ֑ל Isa 46:4 Imperfect (yiqtol), 1st person common singular

And even to your old age I am he; and even to hoar hairs will I carry you: I have made, and I will bear; even I will carry, and will deliver you. (KJV)

יִסְבְּלֻ֜הוּ Isa 46:7 Imperfect (yiqtol), 3rd person masculine plural

They bear him upon the shoulder, they carry him, and set him in his place, and he standeth; from his place shall he not remove: yea, one shall cry unto him, yet can he not answer, nor save him out of his trouble. (KJV)

Pu'al

Intensive · passive — the action intensified, repeated or brought about; the subject has it done to them

Participle (passive) 1

מְֽסֻבָּ֫לִ֥ים Ps 144:14 Participle (passive), masculine plural

That our oxen may be strong to labour; that there be no breaking in, nor going out; that there be no complaining in our streets. (KJV)

Hitpa'el

Intensive · reflexive — the action intensified, repeated or brought about; the subject does it to or for themselves

Imperfect (yiqtol) 1

וְיִסְתַּבֵּ֣ל Eccl 12:5 Imperfect (yiqtol), 3rd person masculine singular

Also when they shall be afraid of that which is high, and fears shall be in the way, and the almond tree shall flourish, and the grasshopper shall be a burden, and desire shall fail: because man goeth to his long home, and the mourners go about the streets: (KJV)

What the stems mean

A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›

Open in Hebrew Explorer with Verb Anatomy on →

In the app, tap any Hebrew verb while reading: its root, stem and form are named, the letters of the word itself are coloured to show which is which, and the stem's meaning is put in plain English. çâbal in the lexicon ›

Morphology from OpenScriptures MorphHB (CC BY 4.0); definitions from Strong's Hebrew Lexicon (public domain); text from the Westminster Leningrad Codex.

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