סָגַר çâgar — to shut up
Translated in the KJV as close up, deliver, give over, inclose, × pure, repair, shut (in, self, out, up, up together), stop.
a primitive root; to shut up; figuratively, to surrender.
çâgar in each stem
Qal (Pa'al)
Perfect (qatal) 12Wayyiqtol 9Participle (passive) 5Imperative 3Participle (active) 2Infinitive construct 1Cohortative 1Imperfect (yiqtol) 1Sequential perfect (weqatal) 1Jussive 1
And the Lord God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept: and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof;
And they that went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God had commanded him: and the Lord shut him in.
And Lot went out at the door unto them, and shut the door after him,
Hiph'il
Sequential perfect (weqatal) 10Imperfect (yiqtol) 9Perfect (qatal) 5Infinitive construct 3Wayyiqtol 2Jussive 1
If the bright spot be white in the skin of his flesh, and in sight be not deeper than the skin, and the hair thereof be not turned white; then the priest shall shut up him that hath the plague seven days:
And the priest shall look on him the seventh day: and, behold, if the plague in his sight be at a stay, and the plague spread not in the skin; then the priest shall shut him up seven days more:
It is an old leprosy in the skin of his flesh, and the priest shall pronounce him unclean, and shall not shut him up: for he is unclean.
Niph'al
Imperfect (yiqtol) 4Wayyiqtol 2Perfect (qatal) 1Imperative 1
And the Lord said unto Moses, If her father had but spit in her face, should she not be ashamed seven days? let her be shut out from the camp seven days, and after that let her be received in again.
And Miriam was shut out from the camp seven days: and the people journeyed not till Miriam was brought in again.
And it was told Saul that David was come to Keilah. And Saul said, God hath delivered him into mine hand; for he is shut in, by entering into a town that hath gates and bars.
Pu'al
Sequential perfect (weqatal) 2Perfect (qatal) 2Participle (passive) 1
Now Jericho was straitly shut up because of the children of Israel: none went out, and none came in.
And the doors shall be shut in the streets, when the sound of the grinding is low, and he shall rise up at the voice of the bird, and all the daughters of musick shall be brought low;
The city of confusion is broken down: every house is shut up, that no man may come in.
Pi'el
Perfect (qatal) 3Imperfect (yiqtol) 1
This day will the Lord deliver thee into mine hand; and I will smite thee, and take thine head from thee; and I will give the carcases of the host of the Philistines this day unto the fowls of the air, and to the wild beasts of the earth; that all the earth may know that there is a God in Israel.
For if a man find his enemy, will he let him go well away? wherefore the Lord reward thee good for that thou hast done unto me this day.
Then said Abishai to David, God hath delivered thine enemy into thine hand this day: now therefore let me smite him, I pray thee, with the spear even to the earth at once, and I will not smite him the second time.
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›