חָשַׂךְ châsak — to restrain or (reflex.) refrain
Translated in the KJV as assuage, × darken, forbear, hinder, hold back, keep, punish, refrain, reserve, spare, withhold.
a primitive root; also interchangeable with H2821; to restrain or (reflex.) refrain; by implication, to refuse, spare, preserve; to observe.
châsak in each stem
Qal (Pa'al)
Perfect (qatal) 12Imperfect (yiqtol) 5Participle (active) 4Jussive 2Wayyiqtol 1Imperative 1
And God said unto him in a dream, Yea, I know that thou didst this in the integrity of thy heart; for I also withheld thee from sinning against me: therefore suffered I thee not to touch her.
And he said, Lay not thine hand upon the lad, neither do thou any thing unto him: for now I know that thou fearest God, seeing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son from me.
And said, By myself have I sworn, saith the Lord, for because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only son:
Niph'al
Imperfect (yiqtol) 2
Though I speak, my grief is not asswaged: and though I forbear, what am I eased?
That the wicked is reserved to the day of destruction? they shall be brought forth to the day of wrath.
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›