חָתַת châthath — properly, to prostrate
Translated in the KJV as abolish, affright, be afraid, amaze, beat down, discourage, dismay, go down, scare, terrify.
a primitive root; properly, to prostrate; hence, to break down, either (literally) by violence, or (figuratively) by confusion and fear.
châthath in each stem
Niph'al
Jussive 16Imperfect (yiqtol) 7Wayyiqtol 1Cohortative 1Perfect (qatal) 1
Behold, the Lord thy God hath set the land before thee: go up and possess it, as the Lord God of thy fathers hath said unto thee; fear not, neither be discouraged.
And the Lord, he it is that doth go before thee; he will be with thee, he will not fail thee, neither forsake thee: fear not, neither be dismayed.
Have not I commanded thee? Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee whithersoever thou goest.
Qal (Pa'al)
Perfect (qatal) 10Sequential perfect (weqatal) 4Imperative 3Imperfect (yiqtol) 1
Therefore their inhabitants were of small power, they were dismayed and confounded; they were as the grass of the field, and as the green herb, as the grass on the housetops, and as corn blasted before it be grown up.
They were amazed, they answered no more: they left off speaking.
Associate yourselves, O ye people, and ye shall be broken in pieces; and give ear, all ye of far countries: gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces; gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces.
Hiph'il
Imperfect (yiqtol) 3Perfect (qatal) 1Sequential perfect (weqatal) 1
Did I fear a great multitude, or did the contempt of families terrify me, that I kept silence, and went not out of the door?
Thou hast multiplied the nation, and not increased the joy: they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, and as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.
Thou therefore gird up thy loins, and arise, and speak unto them all that I command thee: be not dismayed at their faces, lest I confound thee before them.
Pi'el
Sequential perfect (weqatal) 1Perfect (qatal) 1
Then thou scarest me with dreams, and terrifiest me through visions:
Because the spoiler is come upon her, even upon Babylon, and her mighty men are taken, every one of their bows is broken: for the Lord God of recompences shall surely requite.
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›