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גָּרַשׁ gârash — to drive out from a possession

pronounced gaw-rash' · Strong's H1644 · 47 occurrences in the Hebrew Bible · 4 stems: Pi'el, Qal (Pa'al), Niph'al, Pu'al

Translated in the KJV as cast up, divorced, drive away (forth, out), expel, × surely put away, trouble, thrust out.

a primitive root; to drive out from a possession; especially to expatriate or divorce.

gârash in each stem

Pi'el 35×

Intensive · active — the action intensified, repeated or brought about; the subject does it

Wayyiqtol 13Imperfect (yiqtol) 10Sequential perfect (weqatal) 4Perfect (qatal) 3Imperative 2Infinitive construct 2Infinitive absolute 1

וַיְגָ֖רֶשׁ Gen 3:24 Wayyiqtol, 3rd person masculine singular

So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life. (KJV)

גֵּרַ֨שְׁתָּ Gen 4:14 Perfect (qatal), 2nd person masculine singular

Behold, thou hast driven me out this day from the face of the earth; and from thy face shall I be hid; and I shall be a fugitive and a vagabond in the earth; and it shall come to pass, that every one that findeth me shall slay me. (KJV)

גָּרֵ֛שׁ Gen 21:10 Imperative, 2nd person masculine singular

Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac. (KJV)

Qal (Pa'al)

Simple · active — the plain action; the subject does it

Participle (passive) 5Participle (active) 1Wayyiqtol 1

גֹרֵ֣שׁ Exod 34:11 Participle (active), masculine singular

Observe thou that which I command thee this day: behold, I drive out before thee the Amorite, and the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite. (KJV)

גְּרוּשָׁ֥ה Lev 21:7 Participle (passive), feminine singular

They shall not take a wife that is a whore, or profane; neither shall they take a woman put away from her husband: for he is holy unto his God. (KJV)

וּגְרוּשָׁה֙ Lev 21:14 Participle (passive), feminine singular

A widow, or a divorced woman, or profane, or an harlot, these shall he not take: but he shall take a virgin of his own people to wife. (KJV)

Niph'al

Simple · passive — the plain action; the subject has it done to them

Participle (active) 1Sequential perfect (weqatal) 1Perfect (qatal) 1

נִגְרָ֑שׁ Isa 57:20 Participle (active), masculine singular

But the wicked are like the troubled sea, when it cannot rest, whose waters cast up mire and dirt. (KJV)

וְנִגְרְשָׁ֥ה Amos 8:8 Sequential perfect (weqatal), 3rd person feminine singular

Shall not the land tremble for this, and every one mourn that dwelleth therein? and it shall rise up wholly as a flood; and it shall be cast out and drowned, as by the flood of Egypt. (KJV)

נִגְרַ֖שְׁתִּי Jonah 2:5 Perfect (qatal), 1st person common singular

The waters compassed me about, even to the soul: the depth closed me round about, the weeds were wrapped about my head. (KJV)

Pu'al

Intensive · passive — the action intensified, repeated or brought about; the subject has it done to them

Perfect (qatal) 1Imperfect (yiqtol) 1

גֹרְשׁ֣וּ Exod 12:39 Perfect (qatal), 3rd person common plural

And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual. (KJV)

יְגֹרָ֑שׁוּ Job 30:5 Imperfect (yiqtol), 3rd person masculine plural

They were driven forth from among men, (they cried after them as after a thief;) (KJV)

What the stems mean

A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›

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In the app, tap any Hebrew verb while reading: its root, stem and form are named, the letters of the word itself are coloured to show which is which, and the stem's meaning is put in plain English. gârash in the lexicon ›

Morphology from OpenScriptures MorphHB (CC BY 4.0); definitions from Strong's Hebrew Lexicon (public domain); text from the Westminster Leningrad Codex.

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