הָפַךְ hâphak — to turn about or over
Translated in the KJV as × become, change, come, be converted, give, make, overthrow, perverse, retire, tumble, turn (again, aside.
a primitive root; to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert.
hâphak in each stem
Qal (Pa'al)
Perfect (qatal) 23Wayyiqtol 11Sequential perfect (weqatal) 5Infinitive construct 4Imperfect (yiqtol) 4Participle (active) 3Imperative 2Participle (passive) 2Infinitive absolute 1
And he said unto him, See, I have accepted thee concerning this thing also, that I will not overthrow this city, for the which thou hast spoken.
And he overthrew those cities, and all the plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground.
And it came to pass, when God destroyed the cities of the plain, that God remembered Abraham, and sent Lot out of the midst of the overthrow, when he overthrew the cities in the which Lot dwelt.
Niph'al
Perfect (qatal) 20Sequential perfect (weqatal) 4Imperfect (yiqtol) 4Wayyiqtol 3Participle (active) 2Infinitive absolute 1
Get thee unto Pharaoh in the morning; lo, he goeth out unto the water; and thou shalt stand by the river’s brink against he come; and the rod which was turned to a serpent shalt thou take in thine hand.
Thus saith the Lord, In this thou shalt know that I am the Lord: behold, I will smite with the rod that is in mine hand upon the waters which are in the river, and they shall be turned to blood.
And Moses and Aaron did so, as the Lord commanded; and he lifted up the rod, and smote the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh, and in the sight of his servants; and all the waters that were in the river were turned to blood.
Hitpa'el
Participle (active) 3Imperfect (yiqtol) 1
So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.
And when Gideon was come, behold, there was a man that told a dream unto his fellow, and said, Behold, I dreamed a dream, and, lo, a cake of barley bread tumbled into the host of Midian, and came unto a tent, and smote it that it fell, and overturned it, that the tent lay along.
And it is turned round about by his counsels: that they may do whatsoever he commandeth them upon the face of the world in the earth.
Hoph'al
Perfect (qatal) 1
Terrors are turned upon me: they pursue my soul as the wind: and my welfare passeth away as a cloud.
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›