נָגַף nâgaph — to push, gore, defeat, stub (the toe), inflict (a disease)
Translated in the KJV as beat, dash, hurt, plague, slay, smite, strike, stumble, × surely, put to the worse.
a primitive root; to push, gore, defeat, stub (the toe), inflict (a disease).
nâgaph in each stem
Qal (Pa'al)
Imperfect (yiqtol) 7Wayyiqtol 7Infinitive construct 3Perfect (qatal) 3Participle (active) 2Sequential perfect (weqatal) 2Infinitive absolute 1
For the Lord will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the Lord will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you.
That ye shall say, It is the sacrifice of the Lord’s passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when he smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses. And the people bowed the head and worshipped.
Niph'al
Wayyiqtol 8Perfect (qatal) 5Participle (active) 4Imperfect (yiqtol) 3Sequential perfect (weqatal) 1Infinitive absolute 1Infinitive construct 1
And I will set my face against you, and ye shall be slain before your enemies: they that hate you shall reign over you; and ye shall flee when none pursueth you.
Go not up, for the Lord is not among you; that ye be not smitten before your enemies.
And the Lord said unto me, Say unto them, Go not up, neither fight; for I am not among you; lest ye be smitten before your enemies.
Hitpa'el
Imperfect (yiqtol) 1
Give glory to the Lord your God, before he cause darkness, and before your feet stumble upon the dark mountains, and, while ye look for light, he turn it into the shadow of death, and make it gross darkness.
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›