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קוּם qûwm — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

pronounced koom · Strong's H6965 · 627 occurrences in the Hebrew Bible · 6 stems: Qal (Pa'al), Hiph'il, Pi'el, Hitpolel, Polel, Hoph'al

Translated in the KJV as abide, accomplish, × be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, × be dim, endure, × enemy, enjoin, get up, make good.

a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative).

qûwm in each stem

Qal (Pa'al) 459×

Simple · active — the plain action; the subject does it

Wayyiqtol 168Imperative 94Imperfect (yiqtol) 85Perfect (qatal) 38Infinitive construct 25Sequential perfect (weqatal) 18Participle (active) 18Cohortative 7Jussive 5Infinitive absolute 1

וַיָּ֥קָם Gen 4:8 Wayyiqtol, 3rd person masculine singular

And Cain talked with Abel his brother: and it came to pass, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and slew him. (KJV)

ק֚וּם Gen 13:17 Imperative, 2nd person masculine singular

Arise, walk through the land in the length of it and in the breadth of it; for I will give it unto thee. (KJV)

וַיָּקֻ֤מוּ Gen 18:16 Wayyiqtol, 3rd person masculine plural

And the men rose up from thence, and looked toward Sodom: and Abraham went with them to bring them on the way. (KJV)

Hiph'il 146×

Causative · active — causing someone or something to do the action; the subject does it

Imperfect (yiqtol) 27Wayyiqtol 27Sequential perfect (weqatal) 26Perfect (qatal) 22Infinitive construct 22Participle (active) 11Imperative 6Infinitive absolute 3Jussive 2

וַהֲקִמֹתִ֥י Gen 6:18 Perfect (qatal), 1st person common singular

But with thee will I establish my covenant; and thou shalt come into the ark, thou, and thy sons, and thy wife, and thy sons’ wives with thee. (KJV)

מֵקִ֛ים Gen 9:9 Participle (active), masculine singular

And I, behold, I establish my covenant with you, and with your seed after you; (KJV)

וַהֲקִמֹתִ֤י Gen 9:11 Sequential perfect (weqatal), 1st person common singular

And I will establish my covenant with you; neither shall all flesh be cut off any more by the waters of a flood; neither shall there any more be a flood to destroy the earth. (KJV)

Pi'el 11×

Intensive · active — the action intensified, repeated or brought about; the subject does it

Infinitive construct 5Perfect (qatal) 4Imperative 1Wayyiqtol 1

לְקַיֵּ֣ם Ruth 4:7 Infinitive construct

Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for to confirm all things; a man plucked off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour: and this was a testimony in Israel. (KJV)

לְקַיֵּם֮ Esth 9:21 Infinitive construct

To stablish this among them, that they should keep the fourteenth day of the month Adar, and the fifteenth day of the same, yearly, (KJV)

קִיְּמ֣וּ Esth 9:27 Perfect (qatal), 3rd person common plural

The Jews ordained, and took upon them, and upon their seed, and upon all such as joined themselves unto them, so as it should not fail, that they would keep these two days according to their writing, and according to their appointed time every year; (KJV)

Hitpolel

Intensive · reflexive — the action intensified, repeated or brought about; the subject does it to or for themselves

Participle (active) 4

מִתְקוֹמָ֘מָ֥ה Job 20:27 Participle (active), feminine singular

The heaven shall reveal his iniquity; and the earth shall rise up against him. (KJV)

וּמִתְקוֹמְמִ֥י Job 27:7 Participle (active), masculine singular

Let mine enemy be as the wicked, and he that riseth up against me as the unrighteous. (KJV)

מִ֝מִּתְקוֹמְמִ֗ים Ps 17:7 Participle (active), masculine plural

Shew thy marvellous lovingkindness, O thou that savest by thy right hand them which put their trust in thee from those that rise up against them. (KJV)

Polel

Intensive · active — the action intensified, repeated or brought about; the subject does it

Imperfect (yiqtol) 4

אֲקוֹמֵֽם Isa 44:26 Imperfect (yiqtol), 1st person common singular

That confirmeth the word of his servant, and performeth the counsel of his messengers; that saith to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be inhabited; and to the cities of Judah, Ye shall be built, and I will raise up the decayed places thereof: (KJV)

תְּקוֹמֵ֑ם Isa 58:12 Imperfect (yiqtol), 2nd person masculine singular

And they that shall be of thee shall build the old waste places: thou shalt raise up the foundations of many generations; and thou shalt be called, The repairer of the breach, The restorer of paths to dwell in. (KJV)

יְקוֹמֵ֑מוּ Isa 61:4 Imperfect (yiqtol), 3rd person masculine plural

And they shall build the old wastes, they shall raise up the former desolations, and they shall repair the waste cities, the desolations of many generations. (KJV)

Hoph'al

Causative · passive — causing someone or something to do the action; the subject has it done to them

Perfect (qatal) 3

הוּקַ֖ם Exod 40:17 Perfect (qatal), 3rd person masculine singular

And it came to pass in the first month in the second year, on the first day of the month, that the tabernacle was reared up. (KJV)

הֻ֣קַם 2Sam 23:1 Perfect (qatal), 3rd person masculine singular

Now these be the last words of David. David the son of Jesse said, and the man who was raised up on high, the anointed of the God of Jacob, and the sweet psalmist of Israel, said, (KJV)

הוּקַ֡ם Jer 35:14 Perfect (qatal), 3rd person masculine singular

The words of Jonadab the son of Rechab, that he commanded his sons not to drink wine, are performed; for unto this day they drink none, but obey their father’s commandment: notwithstanding I have spoken unto you, rising early and speaking; but ye hearkened not unto me. (KJV)

What the stems mean

A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›

Open in Hebrew Explorer with Verb Anatomy on →

In the app, tap any Hebrew verb while reading: its root, stem and form are named, the letters of the word itself are coloured to show which is which, and the stem's meaning is put in plain English. qûwm in the lexicon ›

Morphology from OpenScriptures MorphHB (CC BY 4.0); definitions from Strong's Hebrew Lexicon (public domain); text from the Westminster Leningrad Codex.

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