שָׂנֵא sânêʼ — to hate (personally)
Translated in the KJV as enemy, foe, hate(-ful, -r), odious, × utterly.
a primitive root; to hate (personally).
sânêʼ in each stem
Qal (Pa'al)
Participle (active) 55Perfect (qatal) 43Participle (passive) 10Infinitive construct 7Imperfect (yiqtol) 7Wayyiqtol 4Sequential perfect (weqatal) 2Imperative 2Infinitive absolute 1
And they blessed Rebekah, and said unto her, Thou art our sister, be thou the mother of thousands of millions, and let thy seed possess the gate of those which hate them.
And Isaac said unto them, Wherefore come ye to me, seeing ye hate me, and have sent me away from you?
And when the Lord saw that Leah was hated, he opened her womb: but Rachel was barren.
Pi'el
Participle (active) 15
And it came to pass, when the ark set forward, that Moses said, Rise up, Lord, and let thine enemies be scattered; and let them that hate thee flee before thee.
If I whet my glittering sword, and mine hand take hold on judgment; I will render vengeance to mine enemies, and will reward them that hate me.
Bless, Lord, his substance, and accept the work of his hands: smite through the loins of them that rise against him, and of them that hate him, that they rise not again.
Niph'al
Imperfect (yiqtol) 2
He that is soon angry dealeth foolishly: and a man of wicked devices is hated.
The poor is hated even of his own neighbour: but the rich hath many friends.
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›