שָׂרַף sâraph — to be (causatively, set) on fire
Translated in the KJV as (cause to, make a) burn, up) kindle, × utterly.
a primitive root; to be (causatively, set) on fire.
sâraph in each stem
Qal (Pa'al)
Perfect (qatal) 28Wayyiqtol 21Imperfect (yiqtol) 20Sequential perfect (weqatal) 17Infinitive construct 6Participle (passive) 5Participle (active) 3Cohortative 1Infinitive absolute 1
And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them throughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.
But the flesh of the bullock, and his skin, and his dung, shalt thou burn with fire without the camp: it is a sin offering.
Niph'al
Imperfect (yiqtol) 13Wayyiqtol 1
And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told Judah, saying, Tamar thy daughter in law hath played the harlot; and also, behold, she is with child by whoredom. And Judah said, Bring her forth, and let her be burnt.
Even the whole bullock shall he carry forth without the camp unto a clean place, where the ashes are poured out, and burn him on the wood with fire: where the ashes are poured out shall he be burnt.
For every meat offering for the priest shall be wholly burnt: it shall not be eaten.
Pu'al
Perfect (qatal) 1
And Moses diligently sought the goat of the sin offering, and, behold, it was burnt: and he was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar, the sons of Aaron which were left alive, saying,
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›