שָׁכַר shâkar — to become tipsy
Translated in the KJV as drink, (be, make) drunk, be merry.
a primitive root; to become tipsy; in a qualified sense, to satiate with a stimulating drink or (figuratively) influence.
shâkar in each stem
Qal (Pa'al)
Imperfect (yiqtol) 3Wayyiqtol 2Imperative 2Perfect (qatal) 1Infinitive construct 1
And he drank of the wine, and was drunken; and he was uncovered within his tent.
And he took and sent messes unto them from before him: but Benjamin’s mess was five times so much as any of theirs. And they drank, and were merry with him.
I am come into my garden, my sister, my spouse: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk: eat, O friends; drink, yea, drink abundantly, O beloved.
Hiph'il
Sequential perfect (weqatal) 2Imperfect (yiqtol) 1Imperative 1
I will make mine arrows drunk with blood, and my sword shall devour flesh; and that with the blood of the slain and of the captives, from the beginning of revenges upon the enemy.
Make ye him drunken: for he magnified himself against the Lord: Moab also shall wallow in his vomit, and he also shall be in derision.
In their heat I will make their feasts, and I will make them drunken, that they may rejoice, and sleep a perpetual sleep, and not wake, saith the Lord.
Pi'el
Wayyiqtol 1Imperfect (yiqtol) 1Participle (active) 1Infinitive absolute 1
And when David had called him, he did eat and drink before him; and he made him drunk: and at even he went out to lie on his bed with the servants of his lord, but went not down to his house.
And I will tread down the people in mine anger, and make them drunk in my fury, and I will bring down their strength to the earth.
Babylon hath been a golden cup in the Lord’s hand, that made all the earth drunken: the nations have drunken of her wine; therefore the nations are mad.
Hitpa'el
Imperfect (yiqtol) 1
And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be drunken? put away thy wine from thee.
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›