שָׁטַף shâṭaph — to gush
Translated in the KJV as drown, flow(-whelm, rinse, run, rush, wash.
a primitive root; to gush; by implication, to inundate, cleanse; by analogy, to gallop, conquer.
shâṭaph in each stem
Qal (Pa'al)
Participle (active) 12Imperfect (yiqtol) 7Perfect (qatal) 4Wayyiqtol 2Sequential perfect (weqatal) 2Jussive 1
And whomsoever he toucheth that hath the issue, and hath not rinsed his hands in water, he shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even.
And one washed the chariot in the pool of Samaria; and the dogs licked up his blood; and they washed his armour; according unto the word of the Lord which he spake.
So there was gathered much people together, who stopped all the fountains, and the brook that ran through the midst of the land, saying, Why should the kings of Assyria come, and find much water?
Niph'al
Imperfect (yiqtol) 2
And the vessel of earth, that he toucheth which hath the issue, shall be broken: and every vessel of wood shall be rinsed in water.
And with the arms of a flood shall they be overflown from before him, and shall be broken; yea, also the prince of the covenant.
Pu'al
Sequential perfect (weqatal) 1
In a pan it shall be made with oil; and when it is baken, thou shalt bring it in: and the baken pieces of the meat offering shalt thou offer for a sweet savour unto the Lord.
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›