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טָבַע ṭâbaʻ — to sink

pronounced taw-bah' · Strong's H2883 · 10 occurrences in the Hebrew Bible · 3 stems: Qal (Pa'al), Hoph'al, Pu'al

Translated in the KJV as drown, fasten, settle, sink.

a primitive root; to sink.

ṭâbaʻ in each stem

Qal (Pa'al)

Simple · active — the plain action; the subject does it

Perfect (qatal) 3Wayyiqtol 2Cohortative 1

וַתִּטְבַּ֤ע 1Sam 17:49 Wayyiqtol, 3rd person feminine singular

And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone, and slang it, and smote the Philistine in his forehead, that the stone sunk into his forehead; and he fell upon his face to the earth. (KJV)

טָבְע֣וּ Ps 9:16 Perfect (qatal), 3rd person common plural

The Lord is known by the judgment which he executeth: the wicked is snared in the work of his own hands. Higgaion. Selah. (KJV)

טָבַ֤עְתִּי Ps 69:3 Perfect (qatal), 1st person common singular

I am weary of my crying: my throat is dried: mine eyes fail while I wait for my God. (KJV)

Hoph'al

Causative · passive — causing someone or something to do the action; the subject has it done to them

Perfect (qatal) 3

הָטְבָּ֑עוּ Job 38:6 Perfect (qatal), 3rd person common plural

Whereupon are the foundations thereof fastened? or who laid the corner stone thereof; (KJV)

הָטְבָּ֑עוּ Prov 8:25 Perfect (qatal), 3rd person common plural

Before the mountains were settled, before the hills was I brought forth: (KJV)

הָטְבְּע֥וּ Jer 38:22 Perfect (qatal), 3rd person common plural

And, behold, all the women that are left in the king of Judah’s house shall be brought forth to the king of Babylon’s princes, and those women shall say, Thy friends have set thee on, and have prevailed against thee: thy feet are sunk in the mire, and they are turned away back. (KJV)

Pu'al

Intensive · passive — the action intensified, repeated or brought about; the subject has it done to them

Perfect (qatal) 1

טֻבְּע֥וּ Exod 15:4 Perfect (qatal), 3rd person common plural

Pharaoh’s chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: his chosen captains also are drowned in the Red sea. (KJV)

What the stems mean

A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›

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In the app, tap any Hebrew verb while reading: its root, stem and form are named, the letters of the word itself are coloured to show which is which, and the stem's meaning is put in plain English. ṭâbaʻ in the lexicon ›

Morphology from OpenScriptures MorphHB (CC BY 4.0); definitions from Strong's Hebrew Lexicon (public domain); text from the Westminster Leningrad Codex.

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