יָגָה yâgâh — to grieve
Translated in the KJV as afflict, cause grief, grieve, sorrowful, vex.
a primitive root; to grieve.
yâgâh in each stem
Hiph'il
Perfect (qatal) 3Imperfect (yiqtol) 1Participle (active) 1
How long will ye vex my soul, and break me in pieces with words?
But I will put it into the hand of them that afflict thee; which have said to thy soul, Bow down, that we may go over: and thou hast laid thy body as the ground, and as the street, to them that went over.
Her adversaries are the chief, her enemies prosper; for the Lord hath afflicted her for the multitude of her transgressions: her children are gone into captivity before the enemy.
Niph'al
Participle (passive) 1Participle (active) 1
The ways of Zion do mourn, because none come to the solemn feasts: all her gates are desolate: her priests sigh, her virgins are afflicted, and she is in bitterness.
I will gather them that are sorrowful for the solemn assembly, who are of thee, to whom the reproach of it was a burden.
Pi'el
Wayyiqtol 1
For he doth not afflict willingly nor grieve the children of men.
What the stems mean
A Hebrew verb is its root letters set into a pattern. The pattern — the binyan — is the grammar's way of saying three things at once: whether the action is simple, intensive or causative, and whether its subject is active, passive or reflexive. That is why one Hebrew word can need six English ones. All seven binyanim, explained ›